Currency correlation tells us whether two currency pairs move in the same, opposite, or totally random direction, over some period of time.
When trading currencies, it’s important to remember that since currencies are traded in pairs, that no single currency pair is ever totally isolated.
Correlation is computed into what is known as the correlation coefficient, which ranges between -1 and +1.By factoring in these correlations, you can make more informed trading decisions.
Here is a guide for interpreting the different currency correlation coefficient values.
| -1.0 | Perfect inverse correlation |
| -0.8 | Very strong inverse correlation |
| -0.6 | Strong, high inverse correlation |
| -0.4 | Moderate inverse correlation |
| -0.2 | Weak, low inverse correlation |
| 0 | No correlation. Totally random. |
| 0.2 | Very weak, insignificant correlation |
| 0.4 | Weak, low correlation |
| 0.6 | Moderate correlation |
| 0.8 | Strong, high correlation |
| 1.0 | Perfect correlation |
So now you know what currency correlation is and how to read it off a fancy chart.
But we bet you’re wondering how using currency correlations will make your trading more successful?Why do you need this wondrous skill in your trader’s tool bag?
One of the most significant benefits of understanding currency correlations is improved risk management.
If you’re trading multiple currency pairs that are highly correlated, either positively or negatively, you might be exposing yourself to higher risks without realizing it.
For example, going long on EUR/USD and GBP/USD simultaneously during a period of high positive correlation essentially doubles your exposure to the same market forces.
By factoring in correlations, you can diversify your trades more effectively, reducing the likelihood of significant losses from a single market event.
Here are five other reasons why considering currency correlations can enhance your trading approach:
1. Eliminate counterproductive trading
Utilizing correlations can help you stay out of positions that will cancel each other out.
As the previous lesson showed, we know that EUR/USD and USD/CHF move in the opposite direction almost 100%.
Opening a position long EUR/USD and long USD/CHF is, then, pointless and sometimes expensive. In addition to paying for the spread twice, any movement in the price would take one pair up and the other down.🤦
We want our hard work to pay off with something!
2. Leverage profits
Leverage profits….or losses! You have the opportunity to double up on positions to maximize profits. Again, let’s take a look at the 1-week EUR/USD and GBP/USD relationship from the example in the previous lesson.
These two pairs have a strong positive correlation with GBP/USD following behind EUR/USD virtually step for step.
Opening a long position for each pair would, in effect, be like taking EUR/USD and doubling your position.
You’d basically be making use of leverage! Mucho profit if all goes right and mucho losses if things go wrong!
When you understand the relationships between pairs, you can identify situations where correlations might break down temporarily due to unique market conditions.
These breakdowns can create arbitrage opportunities or allow you to capitalize on mispricing between correlated pairs.
For example, if EUR/USD and GBP/USD usually move together but diverge due to an isolated event in the UK, you might exploit this temporary divergence by taking positions that anticipate the pairs realigning.
3. Diversify risk
Understanding that currency correlations exist also allows you to use different currency pairs, but still leverage your point of view.
Rather than trading a single currency pair all the time, you can spread your risk across two pairs that move the same way.
Pick pairs that have a strong to very strong correlation (around 0.7). For example, EUR/USD and GBP/USD tend to move together.
The imperfect correlation between these two currency pairs gives you the opportunity to diversify which helps reduce your risk. Let’s say you’re bullish on the USD.Instead of opening two short positions of EUR/USD, you could short EUR/USD and short GBP/USD which would shield you from some risk and diversify your overall position.
In the event that the U.S. dollar sells off, the euro might be affected to a lesser extent than the pound.
4. Hedge risk
Hedging is a strategy used by traders to protect themselves against potential losses in one position by taking an opposite position in a correlated pair.
By understanding currency correlations, you can implement more effective hedging strategies
Although hedging can result in realizing smaller profits, it can also help to minimize losses.
If you open a long EUR/USD position and it starts to go against you, open a small long position in a pair that moves opposite EUR/USD, such as USD/CHF.
Major losses averted!
You can take advantage of the different pip values for each currency pair.
For example, while EUR/USD and USD/CHF have an almost perfect -1.0 inverse correlation, their pip values are different.
Assuming you trade a 10,000 mini lot, one pip for EUR/USD equals $1 and one pip for USD/CHF equals $0.93.
If you buy one mini lot EUR/USD, you can HEDGE your trade by buying one mini lot of USD/CHF. If EUR/USD falls 10 pips, you would be down $10. But your USD/CHF trade would be up to $9.30.
Instead of being down $10, now you’re only down $0.70!
Even though hedging sounds like the greatest thing since sliced bread, it does have some disadvantages.
If EUR/USD rallies, your profit is limited because of the losses from your USD/CHF position.
Also, the correlation can weaken at any time. Imagine if EUR/USD falls 10 pips, and USD/CHF only goes up 5 pips, stays flat, or falls also!
Your account will be bleeding redder than the Red Wedding in Game of Thrones.
So be careful when hedging!
5. Confirm breakouts and avoid fakeouts
You can use currency correlations to confirm your trade entry or exit signals.
For example, the EUR/USD appears to be testing a significant support level. You observe the price action and are looking to sell on a breakout to the downside.
Since you know EUR/USD is positively correlated with GBP/USD and negatively correlated with USD/CHF and USD/JPY, you check to see if the other three pairs are moving in the same magnitude as EUR/USD.
You notice that GBP/USD is also trading near a significant support level and both the USD/CHF and USD/JPY are trading near key resistance levels.
This tells you that the recent move is U.S. dollar-related and confirms a possible breakout for EUR/USD since the other three pairs are moving similarly. So you decide you will trade the breakout when it occurs.
Now let’s assume the other three pairs are NOT moving in the magnitude as EUR/USD.
The GBP/USD is holding not falling, USD/JPY is not rising, and USD/CHF is sideways.This is usually a strong sign that the EUR/USD decline is not U.S. dollar-related and most likely driven by some kind of negative EU news.
Price may actually trade below the key support level you’ve been monitoring but because the other three correlated pairs aren’t moving in proportion with EUR/USD, there will be a lack of any price follow-through and the price will return back above the support level resulting in a fakeout.
If you still wanted to trade this setup, since you didn’t get any “correlation confirmation” from the other pairs, you could play it smart by reducing your risk and trading with a smaller position size.